Maybe your child has started to go to tournaments. You've probably noticed a rating number next to some of the competitors names. You may have encountered ratings at registration to a tournament that features both "rated" and "unrated" sections.
Ratings are used in chess to calculate an estimate of the strength of the player by comparing their performance to the other players. To most players what the number represents about them is more important than how it was calculated. At the scholastic level, for instance, the NWRS starts young players at 400. An average rating after gaining some skill and competing may be around 600-800 while scores over 1000 are more exceptional. The top level players may have ratings closer to 2000.